4,000,000 people enslaved.
cassious clay parker.. john parker's son.
william still. the grandfather of the underground railroad. 1 year and one day of formal education.
reach for the star.
oberlin
fugitive slave act of 1850.
jerry mchenry apprehended in new york
was taken to jail. yelling for a knife to commit suicide. he did not go easily, a mob of 3,000-5,000 people mobbed the jail.
then 1852, uncle tom's cabin was relesed and sold 100,000 copies the first year. it was a political novel that exposed the horrors of slavery.
eliza harris, taken in by the wife of a state senator, barefoot with a baby $1,000fin, $1,000penalty and 6 mos in jail.
anthony burns, 1854 arrested in boston, broke into court house, killed a martial. president pierce intent upon enforcing the slave law, he called the marines. they secured anthony burns. they roped off the court house. thousands in the street. they chained the courthouse, so they had to crawl into the church to work. (the revolution began). the trial was brief. burns unable ot speak in his defence. guilty ordered to returned to slavery.
coffin "here lies liberty"
10,000 people lined the street when he went to the wharf. cost 100,000 to secure his arrest. he was sold for $900... a pivotal movement in the anti-slavery movement
1857, the dred scott case. chief justice taney's decision reduces all slaves to property, "can not be citizens. they have no rights which white men are bound to respect". these words, this decision, secured the inevitibiity of the civil war.
new england had black elected officils.
richard henry dana (the mast) assisted by a black attorney (burn's lawyer).
on a national level, no aid, no assistance for blacks. it upped the ante, and put enormous pressure on the movement. this also effected free blacks.
after dred scott, a fugitive slave, john price, captured on the outskirts of oberlin... the cradle of freedom for 60 plus years.
the oberlin-wellington rescue, 1858. hundred's the whole town stormed the wellington hotel and escaped. rescuers arrested. they expected them to pay bail. they refused (like kiing) fill up the jail. and they issued an arrest warrant for the slaveholder who captured the former slave.
the rescuers became hero's toth ecuase. they set off a chain reaction that went around the world. this motivated one of oberlin's native sons, john brown to escalate. his father was the first conductors on the underground railroad in oberlin.
this lead to harpers ferry.
the ultimate underground railroad. to bring freedom to the blacks in the south. occured 1 year to the day of the oberlin-wellngton rescue. blacks were assisting him. in a sense, he did not care if he was caught. in this there was no "failure" he forced the nation to make hard decisions that they were avoiding.
must be seen in contrast to slave act and dred scott. there was no where else to go, besides armed resistance.
then, the civil war. blacks fought for freedom. not th efirst time they fought for freedom, but the first time,they won it.
the emancipation proclamation 1863.
underground railroad became relief organizations for the legions of af-am's that were not free. the real work had just begun.
nurse, scout, spy harriet tubman. fought for suffrage and black freedom until her death at the age of 93. before she died, she was reunited with many of the slaves she freed. two hours before she died march 10, 1913. ft. hill cemetary new york. with military rights.
if blacks and whites can work together 150 yeras ago with all of the dangers they faced, we have no excuses today.
No comments:
Post a Comment